Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) in Australia: 2025 Guide

Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) are fast becoming a staple in the toolkit of forward-thinking Australian businesses. As companies look for inventive ways to attract and retain talent, SARs offer a compelling blend of flexibility and alignment with company performance, without the complexities of traditional share schemes. In 2025, with recent regulatory tweaks and growing awareness, SARs are taking centre stage in Aussie employee compensation packages.

What Are Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)?

At their core, SARs grant employees the right to receive a cash payment—or sometimes shares—equivalent to the increase in a company’s share price over a set period. Unlike stock options, employees don’t need to pay an exercise price or actually purchase shares. Instead, when SARs vest, the recipient simply receives the value of the share price increase, either in cash or equity.

• No upfront cost: Employees aren’t required to buy shares to benefit.
• Alignment with company growth: Rewards are directly linked to share performance, aligning employee interests with shareholders.
• Flexible settlement: Companies can pay out SARs in cash, shares, or a mix, depending on their capital management strategy.

For example, if an employee is granted 1,000 SARs at a base price of $5 per share, and the stock rises to $8 by the vesting date, the employee receives ($8 – $5) x 1,000 = $3,000 in value—without ever having to purchase a single share.

2025 Regulatory Updates: How SARs Are Treated in Australia

The 2025 financial year brought several updates relevant to SARs and employee incentive schemes:

• Taxation clarity: The ATO reaffirmed that SARs settled in cash are typically taxed as ordinary income upon vesting or exercise, not as a capital gain. If settled in shares, ESS (Employee Share Scheme) tax concessions may apply, subject to the scheme’s structure.
• ESS reforms: The Australian Government’s 2022-23 ESS reforms, now fully operational, have streamlined compliance and broadened eligibility for start-ups and scale-ups offering SARs. Paperwork burdens are reduced, and more companies qualify for concessional tax treatment.
• Reporting obligations: Enhanced digital reporting requirements mean companies must now report SARs grants and settlements more promptly to the ATO, making record-keeping crucial.

For employees, this means greater certainty on when and how SARs will be taxed. For employers, SARs offer a cost-effective way to incentivise staff without diluting existing shareholders or triggering complex capital-raising rules.

Benefits and Risks: Is a SAR Right for You?

SARs offer a suite of advantages over traditional stock options or direct share grants:

• Cash or shares flexibility: Ideal for companies wary of share dilution or wishing to conserve cash during growth phases.
• Retention and motivation: Vesting schedules (such as 3–5 years) keep top talent invested in long-term performance.
• Simplified administration: No share transfers are needed if settled in cash, reducing legal and logistical overhead.

However, there are some risks and limitations:

• Cash flow impact: If settled in cash, a large SAR payout could strain company liquidity at vesting.
• Tax complexity: The tax treatment can vary based on structure and timing, so clear documentation and advice are essential.
• No shareholder rights: Employees don’t gain voting rights or dividends unless SARs are settled in shares.

Consider the case of an Australian fintech that, in 2024, offered SARs to its senior engineers to compete with Silicon Valley packages. The scheme was structured to pay out in shares, qualifying for the start-up ESS tax concession. When the company’s valuation jumped after a successful Series C round, employees received substantial value—without immediate tax or upfront share purchase costs.

Implementing SARs: What Employers and Employees Need to Know

If you’re an employer considering SARs, or an employee offered them, keep these practical steps in mind:

• Clear plan rules: Set transparent terms for vesting, settlement, and leaver provisions.
• Stay updated on tax law: The ATO frequently updates guidance, especially for high-growth sectors and start-ups.
• Communicate value: Ensure employees understand the benefits and timing of SARs, so the incentive has its intended effect.
• Balance cash and equity: Decide whether SARs should be settled in cash, shares, or a mix, based on your company’s growth stage and cash reserves.

With the right strategy, SARs can unlock a win-win: companies attract and retain high performers, while employees share in the upside without complex investment decisions.