Mortality Tables in Australia: 2025 Trends & Impacts

Mortality tables—sometimes called life tables—are the statistical engines quietly driving some of the most important financial decisions Australians make. From the cost of your life insurance to the sustainability of your superannuation fund, these tables underpin how risk and longevity are assessed across the finance sector. As Australia faces demographic shifts and regulatory updates in 2025, understanding how mortality tables work is more relevant than ever.

What Are Mortality Tables and Why Do They Matter?

At their core, mortality tables chart the probability that people of a specific age and gender will die before their next birthday. This sounds clinical, but these numbers are the linchpin for:

• Life insurance premiums: Insurers use mortality tables to price policies, ensuring they can meet claims without overcharging customers.
• Superannuation fund projections: Funds rely on these tables to estimate how long retirees will draw income, influencing default drawdown rates and investment strategies.
• Pension and annuity design: The tables help actuaries calculate fair payouts and long-term sustainability.

In Australia, the Australian Government Actuary (AGA) and Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) periodically update these tables to reflect medical advances, lifestyle changes, and population trends. In 2025, several updates are coming into play, with implications for both individuals and financial institutions.

2025 Updates: What’s Changing in Australia’s Mortality Tables?

The new 2025 AGA mortality tables incorporate the latest census data, COVID-19 impacts, and improvements in healthcare. Here’s what’s new:

• Rising life expectancy: The latest data shows a continued (albeit slower) increase in average life expectancy, especially for women, with the median now approaching 85 years.
• Post-pandemic recalibration: While Australia fared better than many countries during COVID-19, the tables reflect a temporary mortality spike in older demographics during 2021–2022, now normalising.
• Demographic shifts: With more Australians living into their late 80s and 90s, insurers and super funds must adjust their risk models and future liabilities.

For consumers, this means:

• Some life insurance premiums may shift (down for younger age brackets, up for older ages or high-risk groups).
• Superannuation calculators will use updated longevity assumptions, potentially affecting projected retirement income.
• Annuity products may offer lower starting payouts, reflecting longer expected lifespans.

Real-world example: In 2025, a 40-year-old non-smoking female can expect a lower annual life insurance premium compared to 2020, thanks to updated data showing improved survival rates. However, a 65-year-old male with underlying health conditions might see premiums rise as longevity improvements slow for certain demographics.

Mortality Tables in Action: Insurance, Super, and Beyond

Let’s look at how these tables play out across the finance landscape:

1. Life Insurance Pricing

Australian insurers input the latest mortality rates into their pricing algorithms. For example, a healthy 35-year-old applying for $500,000 in cover will pay less if recent data shows lower mortality for their cohort. On the flip side, if the tables indicate higher risk (due to health trends or external shocks), premiums rise to maintain insurer solvency.

2. Superannuation Fund Planning

Super funds use mortality assumptions to set default drawdown rates and advise members about how long their savings might last. In 2025, with longer life expectancies, members may be nudged toward more conservative drawdowns to avoid outliving their nest egg. Funds are also revising their investment strategies to account for the probability that more retirees will need income streams for 25 years or more.

3. Regulatory and Policy Implications

APRA’s 2025 guidance requires insurers and super funds to demonstrate that their risk models are built on current mortality data. This is designed to prevent underfunding and ensure that products remain fair and competitive. It also means that actuaries—those behind-the-scenes experts—play an increasingly central role in product design and risk disclosure.

Looking Ahead: The Future of Mortality Tables in a Changing Australia

As Australia’s population ages and medical technology advances, mortality tables will continue to evolve. The integration of AI-driven health data, real-time analytics, and even genetic information could make future tables even more accurate—and personalised. For now, understanding the basics can help you make smarter decisions about your insurance, retirement, and long-term financial wellbeing.