LIFO Liquidation in Australia: 2025 Guide for Investors & Businesses

In the world of finance and accounting, the term LIFO liquidation is making headlines again as Australian companies navigate a shifting economic landscape in 2025. While the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) inventory method is less common in Australia than overseas, global pressures, supply chain volatility, and updated tax guidance have put the spotlight back on this complex topic. For investors, CFOs, and business owners, understanding LIFO liquidation is crucial to avoiding nasty surprises at tax time and protecting cash flow.

What Is LIFO Liquidation?

LIFO liquidation occurs when a business using the LIFO inventory method sells off more inventory than it purchases or produces in a period, digging into older, lower-cost inventory layers. This triggers a release of profits that were previously ‘locked in’ at lower historical costs, often resulting in higher reported taxable income. While LIFO is rarely the default method in Australia—where the ATO prefers FIFO (First-In, First-Out) or weighted average cost—some multinational firms or subsidiaries may use LIFO for group reporting or overseas operations, creating real-world implications for tax and financial reporting.

• Example: An electronics importer that adopted LIFO in its U.S. operations finds itself selling through old stock purchased pre-pandemic at much lower prices. When that old inventory is sold, the ‘cost of goods sold’ is based on those older, cheaper costs, inflating gross profit on paper and boosting taxable income.

• 2025 update: With supply chain disruptions easing and inventories rebuilding, many firms are experiencing LIFO liquidations as they clear out pandemic-era stockpiles. The ATO has flagged this as a potential audit focus for multinational groups.

Why LIFO Liquidation Matters in 2025

Australia’s economic rebound and changing global supply chains are creating fresh risks and opportunities linked to LIFO liquidation. Here’s why it’s on the radar:

• Tax implications: Selling through old, low-cost inventory under LIFO means higher profits must be reported—and taxed—even if cash flow hasn’t improved. With the ATO cracking down on transfer pricing and inventory reporting, multinational businesses need to be vigilant.

• Financial statement volatility: A sudden LIFO liquidation can cause a spike in reported earnings, potentially distorting a company’s financial health. This can impact loan covenants, investor perceptions, and even executive compensation tied to profit targets.

• Cash flow mismatch: The higher taxable income from a LIFO liquidation may not align with actual cash receipts, especially if inventory was bought years ago at much lower prices. This can lead to unexpected tax bills and liquidity stress.

For example, a mining supply company that clears out stock bought during the 2020 downturn may show a one-off profit surge in 2025—only to face a hefty tax bill, even though replacement inventory now costs far more.

How to Manage LIFO Liquidation Risks

Australian businesses and investors exposed to LIFO (through direct operations or via global subsidiaries) should take proactive steps in 2025:

• Monitor inventory layers: Track the age and cost of your inventory, especially if using LIFO for any reporting. Identify if you’re at risk of liquidating old, low-cost stock.

• Review tax positions: Engage with your finance team or tax adviser to assess the impact of any LIFO liquidation on your 2025 tax liabilities. The ATO’s new guidance on cross-border inventory reporting may increase scrutiny.

• Communicate with stakeholders: If you anticipate a spike in reported profits due to LIFO liquidation, flag this to investors, lenders, and auditors. Transparency helps avoid misunderstandings.

• Plan for cash flow: Set aside reserves to cover any tax hit, and consider timing inventory purchases or sales to manage the financial impact.

As global supply chains normalise and companies unwind excess inventory, being alert to LIFO liquidation is more important than ever. Even if you don’t use LIFO in your Australian books, exposure via international operations or investments can have real local consequences.

LIFO Liquidation: The Bottom Line

LIFO liquidation isn’t just an obscure accounting quirk—it’s a real risk that can upend profit forecasts and tax positions for Australian businesses and investors in 2025. With the ATO tightening its focus and global inventory practices evolving, now is the time to review your exposure, update your reporting, and plan for any surprises.