Life Insurance Underwriting Explained: What to Expect in 2025

When you apply for life insurance, the insurer doesn’t just hand over a policy—they assess your risk through a process called underwriting. Understanding how underwriting works in 2025 can help you prepare, avoid surprises, and secure the best possible outcome.

What Is Underwriting?

Underwriting is the process insurers use to evaluate your application and determine whether to offer you cover, at what price, and with what conditions.

• Risk assessment: Insurers assess factors that affect your likelihood of claiming, including age, health, occupation, lifestyle, and family history.

• Premium calculation: Based on your risk profile, the insurer calculates your premium. Higher-risk applicants pay more.

• Policy terms: Underwriting may result in standard cover, cover with exclusions (e.g., no cover for a specific condition), or a declined application.

The Underwriting Process in 2025

Here’s what typically happens when you apply:

1. Application form: You’ll answer questions about your age, health, medical history, occupation, income, hobbies, and lifestyle (including smoking, alcohol, and drug use).

2. Medical evidence: Depending on your age and cover amount, you may need to provide medical reports, blood tests, or undergo a medical exam. In 2025, many insurers accept telehealth assessments.

3. Third-party reports: Insurers may request GP reports, specialist letters, or access to your Medicare claims history (with your consent).

4. Automated underwriting: For straightforward applications, many insurers now use automated systems that can approve cover instantly based on your answers—no medical exam required.

5. Decision: The insurer will offer standard terms, modified terms (e.g., exclusions or premium loadings), or decline your application.

Factors That Affect Your Outcome

Insurers consider a wide range of factors:

• Age: Older applicants face higher premiums and more scrutiny.
• Health: Conditions like diabetes, heart disease, or cancer history can result in exclusions or higher premiums.
• Smoking: Smokers typically pay 50–100% more than non-smokers.
• Occupation: High-risk jobs (e.g., mining, construction) attract higher premiums.
• Hobbies: Dangerous activities like skydiving or motorsports may result in exclusions.
• Family history: A family history of certain conditions (e.g., heart disease, cancer) can affect your risk rating.
• Mental health: Insurers assess mental health history carefully. Disclosure is required, but many conditions won’t automatically disqualify you.

2025 Developments

The underwriting landscape continues to evolve:

• Digital-first applications: Most insurers now offer fully online applications with instant decisions for low-risk applicants.

• Genetic testing protections: Under Australian law, insurers cannot ask for or use genetic test results for policies up to $500,000 in life cover.

• Mental health reform: Industry codes now require fairer treatment of mental health disclosures, with clearer guidelines on what can and can’t be excluded.

• Data sharing: Some insurers partner with health apps and wearables, offering discounts for healthy behaviours—though participation is voluntary.

Tips for a Smooth Underwriting Experience

• Be honest: Non-disclosure can void your policy or result in denied claims. Always answer truthfully.
• Gather records: Have your GP’s details, medication list, and any relevant medical reports ready.
• Disclose everything: Even minor health issues or past conditions should be disclosed. Insurers are often more lenient than you expect.
• Ask questions: If you’re unsure what to disclose, ask the insurer or a financial adviser.
• Shop around: Different insurers have different appetites for risk. If one declines you, another may accept you.

Real-World Example

Ben, a 42-year-old IT manager, applied for $1 million in life cover in 2025. He disclosed a history of anxiety and a family history of heart disease. The insurer requested a GP report and a blood test. After review, Ben was offered standard cover with no exclusions—his anxiety was well-managed, and his own health markers were excellent. The process took two weeks from application to policy issue.

The Bottom Line

Underwriting can feel daunting, but it’s a routine part of buying life insurance. By understanding the process and preparing your information, you can improve your chances of a smooth application and a policy that meets your needs.