Hawala in Australia: What You Need to Know in 2025

When most Australians think about transferring money overseas, they picture banks, PayPal, or modern remittance apps. But for millions of people globally—and a significant number in Australia—hawala remains the remittance method of choice. This informal, trust-based system has roots stretching back over a thousand years, but its role in Australia’s financial landscape is as relevant as ever in 2025.

What Is Hawala and Why Does It Matter?

Hawala is an informal value transfer system based on trust and family or community networks. Rather than funds crossing borders through banks, a local hawala broker (hawaladar) accepts money in one country and instructs a counterpart elsewhere to pay out the equivalent amount. No physical money crosses borders, and transactions are rarely recorded in conventional ledgers.

This system is especially popular among migrant communities in Australia—particularly those with ties to South Asia, the Middle East, and Africa—where official banking channels can be expensive, slow, or inaccessible. In 2025, with geopolitical instability and fluctuating exchange rates in many regions, hawala provides:

• Speed: Transfers can be near-instantaneous.

• Cost-effectiveness: Fees are often lower than banks or Western Union.

• Accessibility: No need for formal ID or bank accounts.

• Privacy: Details are shared only within trusted networks.

For families supporting loved ones in countries with unstable banking systems, hawala is not just a convenience—it’s a lifeline.

Hawala and Australian Law: 2025 Policy Updates

Hawala’s lack of formal records and regulatory oversight makes it a target for anti-money laundering (AML) concerns. Australia’s financial intelligence agency, AUSTRAC, has long required remittance businesses to register and comply with strict reporting standards. In 2025, the Australian government has further tightened regulations in response to global calls for enhanced transparency following several international money laundering scandals.

Key 2025 regulatory updates include:

• Expanded registration: All informal money transfer operators (IMTOs) must register with AUSTRAC, even if they operate solely within community networks.

• Enhanced due diligence: Hawaladars must verify customer identity above certain thresholds, mirroring traditional bank KYC (know-your-customer) processes.

• Transaction limits: New caps on unregistered cash transfers have been introduced, with severe penalties for non-compliance.

Despite these measures, enforcement remains challenging. Many hawala networks operate discreetly, making detection difficult. Community leaders have called for a balanced approach that addresses criminal misuse without criminalising legitimate family remittances.

Real-World Stories: Hawala’s Human Impact

For many Australians, hawala is more than a money transfer service—it’s a thread that ties families together across continents. Consider Amina, a Somali-Australian in Melbourne, who uses hawala to send emergency funds to relatives in Mogadishu, where the local banking system is unreliable. Or Raj, an international student from India, who receives rent support from his parents via a trusted community hawaladar—avoiding bank fees and delays.

Yet, the same privacy and speed that make hawala attractive can also attract criminal elements. In 2024, AUSTRAC reported a rise in cases where hawala networks were exploited for laundering proceeds from cybercrime and drug trafficking. The 2025 policy reforms are a direct response to these risks, aiming to strike a balance between legitimate use and financial integrity.

• Community education campaigns now help migrants understand both the benefits and legal risks of hawala.

• Some registered IMTOs are partnering with fintech startups to blend hawala’s advantages with digital record-keeping and compliance.

As Australia’s population grows more diverse, the challenge for policymakers is to ensure financial inclusion without opening doors to illicit finance.

The Future of Hawala: Adaptation or Extinction?

Will hawala survive Australia’s tightening regulatory net? The answer is nuanced. In 2025, the most successful hawaladars are those who embrace compliance—registering with AUSTRAC, adopting digital tools, and building bridges with the formal sector. Meanwhile, digital remittance platforms are borrowing from hawala’s playbook: prioritising speed, low cost, and user experience.

For everyday Australians, especially those with family abroad, hawala’s evolution is a reminder that financial innovation isn’t just about technology—it’s about trust, culture, and community. As the system adapts, expect to see more hybrid models that combine hawala’s human touch with the transparency of modern finance.