Functional Obsolescence in Australian Real Estate (2025 Guide)

Functional obsolescence isn’t just a mouthful—it’s a financial reality every Australian property owner should understand. As homes and buildings age, some features fall out of step with modern needs or tastes. In 2025, with shifting demographics, energy standards, and tech expectations, functional obsolescence is front and centre in the property market conversation.

What Is Functional Obsolescence?

In property, functional obsolescence occurs when a home or commercial building loses value because its design, layout, or features no longer meet the needs or expectations of buyers. Unlike physical deterioration (think crumbling walls) or economic obsolescence (external factors like a noisy new freeway), functional obsolescence is about usefulness and desirability.

• Examples: A three-bedroom house with only one bathroom. A CBD office with no lift. A home without NBN fibre-to-the-premises in a suburb where gigabit internet is now the standard.

• Key point: It’s not always about age—it’s about whether the property’s features fit the way we live and work today.

Functional Obsolescence Trends in 2025

The past few years have accelerated change in Australian property. Here are some real-world trends shaping functional obsolescence this year:

• Remote Work Revolution: Many older apartments and houses lack a dedicated workspace, making them less appealing as hybrid work becomes the norm.

• Energy Efficiency Mandates: In 2025, new minimum energy standards for rental properties in NSW, Victoria, and ACT mean homes with poor insulation or outdated heating systems are being penalised—either requiring upgrades or facing reduced rental yields.

• Accessibility Expectations: As Australia’s population ages, demand for step-free access, wider doorways, and accessible bathrooms is rising. Homes without these features can see a value dip compared to those that have them.

• Smart Home Tech: Fast internet, integrated security, and home automation are no longer luxuries in many markets. Properties lacking these are increasingly seen as ‘behind the times’.

For example, a 1970s brick house in Melbourne’s inner north might have plenty of charm, but if it’s got a poky kitchen, single bathroom, no study nook, and draughty single-glazed windows, it will struggle to match buyer expectations—unless it’s priced accordingly or modernised.

How Functional Obsolescence Impacts Value and Finance

Functional obsolescence hits property owners on two fronts: resale value and finance access.

• Valuation Risk: Lenders and valuers in 2025 are scrutinising properties for features that may limit future value. If your home is flagged as functionally obsolete, it can reduce your borrowing power for refinancing or equity release.

• Rental Returns: Landlords with outdated properties may need to invest in upgrades to meet new energy or accessibility standards, or risk vacancy and lower yields.

• Marketability: Properties that don’t tick the boxes for today’s buyers—home office space, energy efficiency, connectivity—can linger on the market or sell at a discount.

In 2025, banks are also factoring in the cost of required upgrades when assessing mortgage applications, particularly for investment properties and first-home buyers using government schemes.

Can You Fix Functional Obsolescence?

Not all functional obsolescence is fatal. Some issues can be cost-effectively addressed, while others are structural and difficult (or impossible) to remedy without major expense. Here’s a quick guide:

• Easy Fixes: Converting a formal dining room into a home office, installing smart lighting, or upgrading to high-speed internet.

• Moderate Fixes: Adding a second bathroom, retrofitting insulation, or opening up a closed-off kitchen.

• Hard-to-Fix: Poor site orientation, low ceilings, or fundamentally awkward layouts may require significant renovation—sometimes not justified by the potential value uplift.

Government incentives, such as Victoria’s 2025 Home Energy Upgrade Grants, can help offset the cost of bringing properties up to standard. In some cases, it’s smarter to price the property to reflect its shortcomings and let the next owner tackle the upgrades.

Looking Ahead: Making Smarter Property Decisions

As sustainability, accessibility, and technology standards continue to evolve, functional obsolescence will only become more important. Whether you’re buying, selling, or holding property in 2025, proactively assessing functional obsolescence can save you money and headaches down the track.

• Check your property against local energy and accessibility regulations

• Factor in buyer and tenant expectations—especially for remote work and smart tech

• Consult with professionals about renovation ROI before committing

Staying ahead of the curve means your property remains competitive—whatever the future holds.