Encroachment in Australia 2025: Rules, Risks & Real-World Cases

It’s the kind of surprise no homeowner wants: discovering that your fence, garage, or garden has crept over the boundary into your neighbour’s land. Encroachment disputes are on the rise across Australia, fuelled by tighter urban spaces, complex strata developments, and shifting property laws. As we move into 2025, understanding encroachment is crucial for anyone buying, selling, or investing in real estate.

What Is Encroachment—and Why Does It Matter?

Encroachment occurs when a structure or object—like a fence, wall, or even a tree—extends beyond your property boundary onto a neighbour’s land. While it might sound minor, encroachments can lead to expensive legal battles, delays in property sales, and strained relationships between neighbours.

• Common examples: Fences erected over the boundary, driveways crossing into next door, or eaves and gutters hanging over the line.

• Impacts: Encroachments can devalue properties, complicate title transfers, and even trigger council intervention.

• Urban hotspots: Inner-city Sydney and Melbourne are seeing more disputes as lots shrink and infill development intensifies.

With Australia’s property market showing no signs of slowing, encroachment is more than just a legal technicality—it’s a real risk to your investment.

2025 Policy Updates: Changing the Game for Boundary Disputes

This year, several states have updated their property laws to streamline encroachment disputes and clarify owners’ rights. Here’s what’s changed:

• NSW: The Encroachment of Buildings Act has been modernised, giving courts greater flexibility to order compensation or the sale of land to the encroaching owner, rather than forcing demolition.

• Victoria: The 2025 amendments to the Property Law Act now require mandatory mediation before disputes escalate to court, aiming to reduce legal costs for both parties.

• Queensland: New digital boundary mapping tools, rolled out by the Land Titles Office, are expected to minimise future encroachments by providing more accurate property data at the point of sale.

Across Australia, local councils are also tightening compliance checks, especially for renovations and new builds. Failing to get a proper survey before construction can now attract steeper fines and orders to remove or modify offending structures.

Real-World Encroachment: Lessons from Recent Cases

Encroachment isn’t just theory—it’s playing out in real time. Here are two illustrative Australian cases from the past 18 months:

• Sydney’s Northern Beaches, 2024: A homeowner discovered their pool fence extended 30cm into the neighbour’s yard. After failed negotiations, the dispute went to the NSW Land and Environment Court. The judge ordered the fence to be relocated and awarded $18,000 in compensation for loss of amenity.

• Melbourne’s Inner North, 2025: In a high-density townhouse development, a shared wall was found to encroach by 10cm due to an outdated boundary survey. Thanks to new Victorian mediation rules, the parties settled with a land transfer and a one-off payment, avoiding months of litigation.

These examples highlight why timely surveys and clear communication are essential. In 2025, the process is getting faster and less adversarial, but the financial risks remain significant.

How to Avoid Encroachment Disputes

Whether you’re a first-time buyer or a seasoned property investor, prevention is always better than cure. Here’s how to minimise your risk:

• Get a professional survey before buying, selling, or renovating—don’t rely on old plans or informal markers.

• Talk to your neighbours early if you plan to build close to the boundary. Written agreements can save headaches later.

• Check council regulations—some areas have unique setback rules or heritage overlays that affect boundaries.

• Act quickly if you suspect an encroachment. The longer you wait, the harder it may be to resolve (and the higher the legal costs).

And if you do find yourself in a dispute, the updated laws in 2025 make mediation the new first step—a faster, less costly route than court.

The Bottom Line: Protecting Your Property in 2025

Encroachment issues are a growing reality in Australian property, with new laws aiming to make disputes easier to resolve. But with high stakes for homeowners and investors alike, the best defence is a proactive one. Do your due diligence, stay up to date with state regulations, and don’t leave boundary matters to chance. A little caution today can save you tens of thousands tomorrow.